Unable To Install Tableau Server 2019.4 On Windows 2012

Issue

When installing or upgrading Tableau Server on Windows Server, installer error "<Tableau Server> has stopped working" occurs.
Certain environment requirement checks fail and leading to an exception error "0xc0000005" in Windows Event Viewer Application Log.

Environment

Tableau Server 2019.4.0, Tableau Server 2020.3.x
Windows Server 2012
Windows Server 2016

Resolution

Option 1
Upgrade to Tableau Server 2019.4.1 or later.

Option 2
Update Operating System. Check if there are additional Windows Updates available.

Option 3
Install from command line to skip the environment verification:

1. tsm stop (if there's an existing Tableau Server installed on the same server)
2. Start command prompt as admin
3. Navigate to installer executable
4. Execute it with SKIPSYSTEMVERIFICATION=1 flag
e.g. TableauServer-64bit-2019-4-0.exe /log install_withoutsysver.log SKIPSYSTEMVERIFICATION=1

Cause

This was a known issue related to the conflict between pre-installation checks from Tableau Server and Windows OS.

Additional Information

- A crash dump like below is created every time.
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In TableauServer-64bit-2019-4-0.exe.23924.dmp the assembly instruction at wixextba+7bce in C:\Windows\Temp\{16FB9745-93FB-46EA-B4BA-ACAF076726B4}\.ba\wixextba.dll has caused an access violation exception (0xC0000005) when trying to read from memory location 0x00000000 on thread 3