Error "Tableau Server cannot verify your licensing information over the internet" When Activating Tableau Desktop

Issue

When activating Tableau Desktop using Login-based License Management (LBLM), the following error occurs:

Tableau Server cannot verify your licensing information over the internet. Contact your administrator to check your internet connection.

Environment

Tableau Desktop
Tableau Server
Login-based License Management
Forward Proxy Server
Windows Server

Resolution

Option 1:

On the Tableau Server machines, verify that "OK" is displayed when accessing https://atr.licensing.tableau.com/_status/healthz.
If not, work with your IT team to unblock access to the ATR licensing domain (atr.licensing.tableau.com:443) for each node. For more information, see Communicating with the Internet, Configure a forward proxy server, and Unable to activate with your credentials.

Option 2:

Run the following command to verify Run As User (Run As Service Account User, RAU). Make sure this RAU is a domain user account and has valid permissions to read forward proxy settings. For more information, see Required Run As Service Account Settings.
tsm configuration get -k service.runas.username

Cause

Tableau Desktop cannot access atr.licensing.tableau.com:443 through the Tableau Server machines. This is the domain that Tableau Desktop needs to access for activation when using LBLM.