Issue
After upgrading the SQL driver to ODBC 13, Tableau Desktop may throw the following error:[Microsoft][ODBC Driver 13 for SQL Server][SQL Server]Login failed for user 'NT AUTHORITY\ANONYMOUS LOGON'." on a live connection.
The "NT AUTHORITY\ANONYMOUS LOGON" error message indicates a Kerberos delegation error. The article, Authentication methods for connections to SQL Server in Active Server Pages, from Microsoft Support has more details about the issue.
As the Microsoft documentation describes, the Native Client and the ODBC Driver handle delegation slightly differently. This is why the issue commonly shows up after upgrading the SQL Server driver, and why rolling back the driver can resolve the issue. It's also important to note that when connecting to SQL Server using Windows Auth, if Kerberos doesn't work the connection fails over to using NTLM instead. However, any delegation or double-hop connection requires Kerberos.
Authentication methods for connections to SQL Server in Active Server Pages by Microsoft Support.
How to enable Kerberos event logging by Microsoft Support.
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